Justice Department Challenges Virginia Assault Weapons Law in Federal Court

The U.S. Department of Justice filed a federal lawsuit on July 1, 2026, against the Commonwealth of Virginia and the Virginia State Police. The suit challenges provisions of a state law that restrict certain semi-automatic firearms. Assistant Attorney General Harmeet Dhillon of the Civil Rights Division announced the action, which targets bans on the purchase, sale, manufacture, importation, and transfer of designated assault firearms.

The complaint contends that the Virginia law unconstitutionally limits access to firearms commonly owned by millions of Americans. It specifically references restrictions on AR-15-style rifles and similar models. Court documents argue that these measures conflict with Second Amendment protections as interpreted in recent legal precedents.

Prior to the lawsuit, Dhillon had communicated directly with Virginia Governor Abigail Spanberger regarding potential legal challenges to gun control legislation. The filing follows the enactment of the state measure earlier in the year. The Department seeks to enjoin enforcement of the restrictions pending resolution of the case.

Virginia’s law classifies certain firearms as assault firearms and imposes criminal penalties for violations involving their acquisition or distribution. The Justice Department filing notes that the affected weapons are in widespread lawful possession nationwide. Officials in the lawsuit maintain that the ban applies to arms protected under the Constitution.

The case was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. It joins other federal actions addressing state-level firearm regulations in jurisdictions including California. The lawsuit requests judicial review of the constitutionality of the challenged provisions.

Spokesperson statements from Virginia officials have defended the legislation as aimed at enhancing public safety. The federal suit presents arguments focused on constitutional limits to state authority in this area. Proceedings are anticipated to examine the scope of Second Amendment rights in relation to the specific restrictions.

The outcome of the litigation could influence enforcement of similar measures in other states. The Department of Justice has indicated continued review of state gun laws for compliance with federal constitutional standards. This action represents the latest development in ongoing legal debates over firearm regulations.